LaTeX
Questa è la sezione dedicata a LaTeX e a tutto il mondo che gli sta attorno. È stata pensata principalmente come appoggio al corso che ho realizzando presso il Collegio Ghislieri nel 2005, e che si è concluso con i migliori risultati possibili. Unica pecca il trattamento da parte degli organi amministrativi del Collegio stesso, che non hanno riconosciuto l’utilità del corso, e quindi non mi hanno retribuito. Ma tant’è …
Nei menu a sinistra ho inserito i collegamenti ai due strumenti principali che si utilizzeranno nel corso, e che servono per ottenere un sotto-sistema LaTeX completamente funzionante in Windows. Stiamo parlando di:
- MiKTeX: è l’insieme dei pacchetti e degli strumenti di base di LaTeX, necessari per la
compilazione dei documenti. - WinEdt: uno dei migliori editor testuali compatibili con LaTeX, facilissimo da usare
sia in fase di stesura dei documenti, sia in fase di debugging. Peccato però che sia un software Shareware
e non free o, meglio ancora, Open Source - Dizionario italiano: è fondamentalmente un file di testo da utilizzare in WinEdt per supportare la
lingua italiana all’interno del programma. Per scaricarlo vi consiglio un bel click con tasto destro e poi Salva
destinazione come …
Installazione su Windows
MiKTeX
Una volta scaricato il file scompattatelo in una cartella a vostro piacimento, utilizzando un programma di compressione come WinZip, WinRAR o ciò che più vi piace. All’interno della cartella troverete il file Setup.exe, che va mandato in esecuzione.
L’installazione di MiKTeX è relativamente semplice: quando vi si chiede in che cartella installare i pacchetti inserite pure una tra le cartelle suggerite dal programma di installazione, o più semplicemente lasciate invariati i campi. Scegliete di installare MiKTeX per l’utente attualmente in uso, o per tutti gli utenti del sistema operativo, concordemente con l’uso che fate del vostro computer.
Terminata la procedura di installazione il gioco è fatto! Ora avete un sottosistema LaTeX completamente funzionante!
WinEdt
L’installazione di WinEdt si rivela ancora più banale, in quanto il programma di installazione non vi richiede di inserire particolari dati oltre le solite opzioni offerte da questo tipo di installer.
L’unica difficoltà può consistere nell’installazione del dizionario in lingua italiana.
Dizionario italiano
Una volta scaricato il file It.dic aprite WinEdt; nel menù Options -> Dictionary… trovate il pannello relativo alle informazioni e al settaggio dei dizionari. Nella tab Dictionaries inserite un nuovo dizionario cliccando sull’icona in alto a forma di freccia nera rivolta verso il basso. Come nome del dizionario mettete ciò che volete, magari qualcosa del tipo “Italiano” (:D); nella casella Definition inserite il percorso del file sul vostro computer, relativo naturalmente alla cartella in cui l’avete scaricato, nella casella Usage: submode spuntate il campo Enabled, eventualmente cancellando il testo nella casella di testo a lato, mentre nella sezione Options selezionate tutte le opzioni, eventualmente tranne Modified. Se ora chiudete la finestra facendo click su OK e riavviate WinEdt la sottolineatura rossa dei vostri termini in italiano sparirà.
Installazione su Linux/Debian
LaTeX
L’installazione di LaTeX su Debian è davvero banale: dal terminale, loggandovi come root eseguite
apt-get install latex
In breve tempo -dipendentemente dalla vostra connessione alla rete- avrete una distribuzione di LaTeX completamente funzionante su Linux!
Lyx
Potete usare Lyx come programma di elaborazione testi sotto Linux. Il vantaggio è che dovete sporcarvi le mani il meno possibile con il codice di LaTeX, dato che il programma vi permette di scrivere il vostro documento come se si utilizzasse un generico elaboratore di testi (ad es. OpenOffice).
Dal sito di Lyx troverete tutte le informazioni a riguardo.
Installazione su MacOS X
MacPorts
Bisogna innanzitutto installare il software MacPorts, scaricabile direttamente dalle pagine di download del progetto. Vi consiglio di scaricare MacPorts v. 1.4.0 o successive, e di ignorare le DarwinPorts (hanno solo il nome diverso, ma sono lo stesso progetto). Questo pacchetto vi consente di installare velocemente da linea di comando, sfruttando la vostra connessione ad internet, un sacco di porting di programmi scritti per Linux e ricompilati per MacOS.
TeTeX
I pacchetti per far girare LaTeX vanno installati usando il comando
sudo port install tetex
Attendete il completamento dell’installazione, ed avrete a disposizione una completa e funzionante distribuzione di LaTeX sul vostro Mac. Da linea di comando, però.
TextMate
Un ottimo programma di editing per linguaggi di programmazione di vario tipo, dal C al Java, dal Ruby ai linguaggi di shell. Compreso naturalmente LaTeX. Lo consiglio vivamente a chi, come me, ha la passione di scrivere direttamente dal codice i propri documenti in LaTeX, soprattutto perché è fornito di un numero enorme di scorciatoie da tastiera per poter scrivere e compilare velocemente i propri documenti.
Lo trovate nella home page di MacroMates.
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